Background: Creativity as the ability to generate novel ideas and think creatively about problems, has long been considered an important skill for individuals, as well as for societies.Objective: Therefore, this research was carried out to study the relationship between positive affection, negative affection and intrinsic motivation with creativity.Method: Among students of Tehran University 100 were selected using stratified random sampling to participate in the research. Research questionnaires included: Watson et al (1988), 20 item questionnaire for Assessment of Positive and Negative Affection, Amabile and Tierney’s (1999), 5 item intrinsic motivation questionnaire, and Palmon et al (2004), 11 item creativity questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, step by step multiple regression analysis, and ttest.Findings: The results showed there is positive significant relation between creativity with positive affection and intrinsic motivation. There was also a negative - but not significant- correlation between negative affection and creativity. Based on these results, positive affection and intrinsic motivation could determine respectively 46% and 4% of creativity’s variance.Conclusion: So, positive affection and intrinsic motivation can predict creativity scores, but negative affection is not a suitable predictor for creativity.

One of the main policies of the country and one of the most important strategies of the government in recent years is the "Mehr Housing Project" with the aim of providing housing for different groups. The purpose of this study is "Comparative evaluation of residents' satisfaction with Mehr housing in Zahedan." The research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature and method. In the process of collecting data and information, documentary and field methods have been used. The statistical population of the study is the residents of Mehr Shargh and Gharb housing complexes in Zahedan and includes 4950 heads of households. The sample size was estimated to be 562 heads of households based on Cochran's formula and SPSS software was used to analyze the data. The results of Pearson correlation analysis show that there is a significant relationship between age and monthly income and education with satisfaction with the residential complex. However, the results of t-test showed that the satisfaction of the residents of Mehr Zahedan housing complexes with a total average of 79 sub-criteria is lower than the average (2.41). Friedman test was used for the final ranking of indicators and the most important effect is the performance-structural index including accesses and facilities. SAWARA model was used to analyze the most effective indicators affecting the quality of housing according to experts. The most important content indicators are the presence of CCTV cameras and closer proximity to the shopping center. Finally, the results of independent t-test to compare the two residential complexes of Mehr showed that there is no significant difference in terms of satisfaction in Mehr housing in Zahedan.

The fundamental core of religiosity is faith the formation of which is contingent upon different circumstances and components. One of the constituent components of faith is its affective dimension, which can be reviewed in religious text and studied from the view of psychology. The present paper seeks to elaborate on the role of affection in faith from the view of religious texts and psychology. Using a documentary analysis method, this paper tries to answer following questions: what is the relationship between affection and faith? Can affection have a role in the formation and strengthening of faith? Can faith be influential in strengthening affection, as well? The findings obtained from the analysis of religious texts (Quranic verses and traditions) show that there is a two-way relationship between faith and affection. On the one hand, affection, with such instances as love and fear, has a role in the formation and strengthening of faith. On the other hand, faith directs and stabilizes affection. As a result, man's love towards God is formed in the light of initiative knowledge and according to self-love towards absolute perfection, and faith is strengthened as knowledge increases.

Housing is considered the basic needs of every human being. Several programs by governments in the provision of housing for different groups, especially low-income classes is performed. In recent years, in order to meet the legitimate expectations and customary in the field of housing for low-income groups, the government has adopted the policy of housing construction. Mehr housing project, the biggest national housing plan, which due to its expansion and new projects needs to review the results of this experience, is felt. The aim of this paper is to examine the satisfaction of residents of housing complexes Sham Asbi (Ardabil) is. The study method was descriptive-analytical and the data collection method was documentary and survey using questionnaires. According to by Morgan table sample size was estimated to be 200. To analyze of data with SPSS software was used. The output of the Chi-square test showed that there was a significant relationship between the variables employment status and satisfaction. Pearson correlation coefficient showed that there is an inverse relationship between income and satisfaction. In addition, one-sample t test results testify to the satisfaction Sham Asbi residential area (Ardabil) is less than average and residents of the most physical criteria and the criteria of ownership are least satisfied with.

Background: In education, one of the indispensable dimensions is its affective aspect that has gained more importance in online learning environments where the inherent separation and distance between instructors and learners creates unique challenges. While a significant number of studies have examined the emotional dynamics in online learning environments and acknowledged its effectiveness, the existing literature seems relatively scattered.Aim: The current study, employing the qualitative systematic review method, attempted to examine the studies in which the affective-driven principles of educational design were proposed and, accordingly, provide a coherent set of principles to ensure the effectiveness and affective engagement of education in online platforms.Method: This study followed The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline for identification, screening, evaluation of eligibility, and final inclusion of the articles. For this purpose, a thorough search was made in three scientific databases, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and PsychInfo, using the relevant keywords from 2010 to 2024 that led to identification of 1348 cases. The application of the exlusion criteria at different phases reduced the dataset to 26 cases. The selected articles, then, were evaluated using Braun and Clarke's six-step version of the thematic analysis method.Results: Finally, the analysis led to the identification of four main themes: (1) intimate environment: creating a feeling of closeness, familiarity and emotional connection between learners and the online learning environment; (2) engaging content: avoiding passive learning by employing elements that keep learners intellectually and emotionally engaged; (3) creative design: using elements such as gamification and engaging interface to create a more appealing learning experience; (4) Humanized features: creating a sense of humanized relation and fostering a positive feeling through the use of informal and relatable features.Conclusions: The findings of this study add to the existing theoretical knowledge by providing a comprehensive and coherent view of considerations related to the affective dimension of online learning. In addition, the identified themes can be considered as a basis for adopting strategies that instructors and educational designers could use in designing online courses.

Some intellectual and jurisprudential currents in the Islamic world-especially Salafism – believe in the principle of hatred between religions. According to their point of view, the foundation upon which Islamic law is based when dealing with other religions is through the expression of one’ s hatred, which is manifested in being rugged, severe and accompanied by a negation of loyalty. This research has attempted to study this issue from a Qur’ anic angle and has concluded that the notion of hatred does not exist in the Qur’ anic text except towards those who are considered aggressors against the Muslim nations and humans in general, not everyone who simply has a difference in opinion, belief, religion and doctrine. On the contrary, the Qur’ anic text focuses on the principle of distinction in order to preserve one’ s identity, not the principle of hate.

For mystics, the ultimate affection is the outburst of heart in an ambition to reach the beloved that makes the lover’ s obliteration, because it is the basis for the sublime and perfect mood over the beloved. In Rumi’ s opinion, affection has some stages: general affection and special affection. In his idea, the faith and certainty get their light from affection and like a fire refines the existence. It causes charm and appealing so much that there will be no difference between them. Rumi takes Mohammadian soul as the manifest of affection and believes that the affection thinness is due to the lovers’ mood and talents and relates to the profound relationship with faith, zikr, observance, coloring, connection and so on so that during the stages and status between the Almighty and the applicant, non-existing pseudo existing person, there would be no barrier. The point here is that whether affection can initiate revelation. And that to what affairs the affection thinness is in close contact, so that affection can get prosperity on the path toward God. This paper also seeks to describe and analyze this connection subtlety from Rumi’ s perspective.

Although it was initially believed that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) only attacked the respiratory system, reports over time demonstrated that this disease could attack the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) as well. The predominant presenting symptoms in patients infected with COVID-19 were gastrointestinal (GI), resulting in GI pathological changes. While clinicians’,concerns are mostly related to respiratory system manifestations, GI symptoms should be monitored and managed appropriately. This review summarizes the essential information about COVID-19 GIT infection in terms of pathogenesis, major pathological changes, microbiological bases of infection, the possibility of feco-oral transmission, the severity of associated symptoms, the major radiological findings, the impact on GI surgery, the role of therapeutic agents in induction or magnification of GI symptoms, and a pitfall on the nutritional supplementation in COVID-19 patients.